File:
ch14-test-bank, Chapter 14, Human Genetics
Multiple
Choice
1 Gregor Mendel saw when he studied pea plants
that:
a) one
dominant allele resulted in expression of that dominant trait
b) two dominant
alleles resulted in expression of that dominant trait
c) two
recessive alleles resulted in expression of a recessive trait
d) all of
the above
Ans: d
2. A parent
with straight hair and a parent with curly hair have a child with wavy hair.
This is called:
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
recessiveness
d) polygenic
Ans: a
3.
Heterozygotes having a phenotypically intermediate trait are exhibiting:
a)
codominance
b)
recessiveness
c)
incomplete dominance
d) polygenic
inheritance
Ans: c
4. When two
alternate forms of an allele contribute equally to a phenotype, it is called:
a) dominance
b)
codominance
c)
recessiveness
d) a
polygenic trait
Ans: b
5. Which
blood type exhibits codominant alleles?
a) A
b) B
c) AB
d) O
Ans: c
6. A person
with which blood type will respond to A antigens as foreign?
a) A
b) B
c) AB
d) all of
the above
Ans: b
7. A person
with type O blood will respond to what kind of antigens as foreign?
a) A
b) B
c) both A
and B
d) none of
the above
Ans: c
8. A person
with type O blood has what kind of antibodies in their plasma?
a) A
b) B
c) both A
and B
d) none
Ans: c
9. A person
with type A blood has what kind of antibodies in their plasma?
a) A
b) B
c) both A
and B
d) none
Ans: b
10. A person
with type AB blood will have what kind of antibodies in their plasma?
a) A
b) B
c) both A
and B
d) none
Ans: d
11. What
blood type is known as the universal donor?
a) A
b) B
c) AB
d) O
Ans: d
12. Genes
consist of:
a) one
allele
b) two
alleles
c) multiple
alleles
d) answer b
or c
Ans: d
13.
Polygenic inheritance:
a) manifests
as the additive effect of two or more genes
b) results
in a continuous trait
c) can have
contributing and noncontributing alleles
d) all of
the above
Ans: d
14. Many
human traits are controlled by more than one gene; this is called:
a) polygenic
inheritance
b) having a
continuous trait
c) having an
additive effect of alleles
d) all of
the above
Ans: d
15. A
continuous trait is the result of:
a) polygenic
inheritance
b)
multiplexing
c) the
effect of only one gene
d) dominant
or recessive alleles
Ans: a
16. An
example of a polygenic trait would be:
a) attached
earlobes
b) height
c)
hitchhiker's thumb
d) widow's
peak
Ans: b
17. Height
is a:
a) dominant
trait
b) recessive
trait
c)
continuous trait
d)
codominant trait
Ans: c
18. Skin
color is an example of a:
a) polygenic
trait
b) dominant
trait
c) recessive
trait
d)
codominant trait
Ans: a
19. Darker
skin colors are caused by:
a) increased
production of melanin due to noncontributing alleles
b) increased
production of melanin due to contributing alleles
c) decreased
production of melanin due to noncontributing alleles
d) decreased
production of melanin due to contributing alleles
Ans: b
20. Human
genetic disorders are caused by:
a) two
dominant alleles
b) two
recessive alleles
c) one
dominant and one recessive allele
d) any of
the above
Ans: d
21.
Polydactyly is a condition of:
a) extra
fingers or toes
b) high
blood cholesterol
c) dwarfism
d) unusually
long limbs
Ans: a
22. Assuming
a normal mother, a father who is heterozygous for a dominant disorder has what
chance of passing the trait on to his children?
a) 25 %
b) 50 %
c) 75 %
d) 100 %
Ans: b
23. A child
having one heterozygous parent with a dominant genetic disorder has what chance
of inheriting that disorder?
a) 25 %
b) 50 %
c) 75 %
d) 100 %
Ans: b
24. A child
having two heterozygous parents with a dominant genetic disorder has what chance
of inheriting that disorder?
a) 25 %
b) 50 %
c) 75 %
d) 100 %
Ans: c
25. Human
dominant genetic disorders are:
a) highly
prevalent in the population
b) most
commonly fatal at birth
c) always
sex-linked
d) often the
cause of death before reproductive age
Ans: d
26. Progeria
means:
a)
prematurely old
b) bald
c) the
beginning of life
d) the study
of stem cells
Ans: a
27. Marfan's
Syndrome, Progeria, and Huntington's Disease are examples of genetic:
a) dominant
disorders
b) recessive
disorders
c) polygenic
traits
d)
codominance
Ans: a
28. Most
human genetic disorders are caused by:
a) two
recessive alleles
b) two
dominant alleles
c) one
dominant and one recessive allele
d)
spontaneous genetic mutations
Ans: a
29. Cystic
Fibrosis is a:
a) dominant
genetic disorder
b) recessive
genetic disorder
c)
codominant genetic disorder
d) polygenic
disorder
Ans: b
30. Sickle
Cell Disease is a:
a) recessive
genetic disorder
b) dominant
genetic disorder
c)
codominant genetic disorder
d) polygenic
disorder
Ans: a
31. A person
with a recessive trait:
a) must have
one parent who expresses the trait
b) must have
two parents who express the trait
c) can have
parents who do not express the trait
d) will
always have siblings with the recessive trait
Ans: c
32. Among
the white population, the most common genetic disorder that causes thick mucus
to block passages in the respiratory tract, pancreas, and liver is:
a) Sickle
Cell Anemia
b)
Hypercholesterolemia
c)
Polydactyly
d) Cystic Fibrosis
Ans: d
33. Having
which gene confers more resistance to malaria than someone without it?
a) Cystic
Fibrosis
b) Sickle
Cell
c) Tay-Sachs
d)
Achondroplasia
Ans: b
34. An
incurable, fatal, recessive, hereditary disorder that has a high incidence
among Jews of Eastern and Central Europe, as well as American Jews is:
a) Sickle
Cell Anemia
b)
Hypercholesterolemia
c) Tay-Sachs
Disease
d)
Polydactyly
Ans: c
35. A human
has how many sex chromosomes?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 22
d) 23
Ans: b
36. A human female
has:
a) two X
chromosomes
b) two Y
chromosomes
c) one X and
one Y chromosome
d) at least
one Y chromosome
Ans: a
37. Choose
the correct statement:
a) Males
have XX sex chromosomes.
b) Females
have XY sex chromosomes.
c) More
genetic information is carried on the X chromosome than the Y chromosome.
d) The X and
Y chromosomes carry equivalent amounts of genetic information.
Ans: c
38.
Recessive X-linked disorders are passed from:
a) father to
son
b) father to
daughter
c) mother to
son
d) mother to
daughter
Ans: c
39. Choose
the correct statement.
a) Males
inherit a Y chromosome from their mother.
b) Females
inherit a Y chromosome from their father.
c) X and Y
chromosomes are the same size and shape in both sexes.
d) Autosomes
are the same size and shape in both sexes.
Ans: d
40. What
chance will a daughter have of being color blind if she has a normal mother and
a color blind father?
a) 0 %
b) 25 %
c) 50 %
d) 100 %
Ans: a
41. What
chance will a daughter have of being color blind if she has a color blind
mother and a color blind father?
a) 0 %
b) 25 %
c) 50 %
d) 100 %
Ans: d
42. A
pedigree can help determine which kind of genetic relationship(s)?
a) dominant
traits
b) recessive
traits
c)
sex-linked traits
d) all of the
above
Ans: d
43. When
first analyzing a pedigree, observing whether a trait is expressed more in
males than in females helps determine whether a trait is:
a) dominant
b) recessive
c) polygenic
d)
sex-linked or autosomal
Ans: d
44. A karyotype
can help determine if a fetus has:
a) fully
formed fingers and toes
b) a high IQ
c) an
abnormal number of autosomal or sex chromosomes
d) all of
the above
Ans: c
45.
Karyotypes are useful in studying:
a) gross
abnormalities in chromosomes
b) inherited
disorders caused by DNA mutations
c)
non-inherited mutations in the chemical structure of DNA
d) mutations
in single genes
Ans: a
46.
Amniocentesis is a:
a) genetic
disorder caused by translocations in chromosomes
b)
spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) caused by chromosomal abnormalities
c) medical
procedure permitting prenatal diagnosis of many genetic disorders
d) disorder
in newborns in which phenylalanine is not properly metabolized
Ans: c
47. XYY
males are:
a) violent
but fertile
b) violent
and infertile
c) of low
intelligence
d) usually
indistinguishable from other males
Ans: d
48.
Klinefelter Syndrome and Turner Syndrome are the result of:
a) abnormal
numbers of autosomes
b) abnormal
numbers of sex chromosomes
c) trisomy
d) multiple
births
Ans: b
49. Cell
geneticists have identified what type(s) of chromosome rearrangement?
a)
duplications and translocations
b)
inversions
c) deletions
d) all of
the above
Ans: d
50. Inserting
normal copies of a gene into the cells of a patient carrying a defective gene
is called:
a) gene
therapy
b)
amniocentesis
c) inversion
d)
translocation
Ans: a